INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET

INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET:

The International Phonetic Alphabet (unofficially—though commonly—abbreviated IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association as a standardized representation of the sounds of oral language.The IPA is used by lexicographers, foreign language students and teachers, linguists, speech-language pathologists, singers, actors, constructed language creators, and translators.

The IPA is designed to represent only those qualities of speech that are part of oral language: phones, phonemes, intonation, and the separation of words and syllables.To represent additional qualities of speech, such as tooth gnashing, lisping, and sounds made with a cleft palate, an extended set of symbols called the Extensions to the IPA may be used.

TRADUCCIÓN:
El alfabeto fonético internacional (de manera no oficial, aunque comúnmente abreviado IPA) es un sistema alfabético de notación fonética basada principalmente en el alfabeto latino. Fue ideado por la Asociación Fonética Internacional como una representación estandarizada de los sonidos de la vía oral lenguaje. El IPA es utilizado por los lexicógrafos, estudiantes de idiomas extranjeros y profesores, lingüistas, logopedas, cantantes, actores, creadores del lenguaje construidos y traductores.


El IPA está diseñado para representar sólo aquellas cualidades del discurso que forman parte del lenguaje oral: móviles, fonemas, la entonación y la separación de palabras. representar cualidades adicionales del habla, como el crujir de dientes, ceceo, y sonidos que se hacen con un paladar hendido, un conjunto extendido de símbolos llamado las extensiones a la IPA se puede utilizar.

FRASE NOMINAL Y FRASE VERBAL

FRASE NOMINAL:
Es una frase nominal o sustantiva consiste en un grupo de palabras donde el sustantivo es el núcleo; el resto de las palabras modifican, o dan información sobre ese núcleo.

SUSTANTIVO: Funciona como la palabra mas importante.o el núcleo, de una frase nominal 

EL NÚCLEO: Es un sustantivo que siempre debe estar presente (sin núcleo no hay frase nominal)

PRE-MODIFICADOR: se usan delante de un sustantivo,adjetivo,verbo o un adverbio.

POST- MODIFICADOR: aquellos que se usan después de un sustantivo,adjetivo,verbo o adverbio.

                     


FRASE VERBAL:

El núcleo de la frase verbal es un verbo conjugado. la frase verbal puede estar formada solo por el núcleo o puede también tener palabras que lo complementan  o lo modifican tales como adverbios u otros verbos auxiliares o modales.

NOTICIA 1:

En la siguiente noticia observaran cuales son las frases nominales y verbales, las frases nominales están subrayadas de azul y las verbales de rojo, el núcleo de rojo y el verbo de azul.

10% of Colombia families live in absolute poverty.

A recent study shows that 10% of Colombian families live on less than $1.25 per day.

The study for the World Family Map 2014 looked at the many factors affecting families and their ability to raise their children effectively in 49 different countries.

One of the categories mentioned by the study, percentage of the population living in “absolute poverty,” showed a sad statistic for Colombia: 10% of its families live in this condition.

Absolute poverty is defined by the World Bank as less than $1.25 per day.

Colombia is the third highest in this category among nations measured in the South American region. Only Bolivia and Nicaragua have higher percentages.

NOTICIA 2:

Colombia’s Foreign Investment To Decrease Further In 2015

A boom in foreign direct investment (FDI) between 2010 and 2013 has come to an end as the government announces an expected drop in foreign investment for both 2014 and 2015.

During 2013, while the FDI of Latin America decreased 6%, flows to Colombia increased 8% due to cross-border merges and acquisitions in electricity and banking industries, according to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.

Between 2010 and 2013, foreign investment grew from $6.8 billion to $16.8 billion.

Central bank director Jose Dario Uribe had already warned that this boom would not continue in 2014 and he expected foreign investment by the end of the year to be 5% less than in 2013.

TRADUCCIÓN RESUMEN:

Un auge de la inversión extranjera directa (IED) entre 2010 y 2013 ha llegado a su fin cuando el gobierno anuncia un descenso previsto de la inversión extranjera.

Durante el año 2013, mientras que la IED de América Latina disminuyó 6%, los flujos hacia Colombia aumentó un 8% debido a las fusiones transfronterizas y adquisiciones en las industrias de la electricidad.

Director del Banco Central, José Darío Uribe ya había advertido de que este auge no continuaría en 2014.

NOTICIA

Colombia’s economic activity fails to generate jobs: UN

Colombia’s economy depends heavily on mining, hydrocarbons, and ranching, producing little employment and benefiting few, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization reportedly said.

Johannes Dobinger, who represents the Andean region for the UN organization, added that these activities also have a large environmental impact and do little to increase the economic productivity of the country.

“The agro-mining model has the the great disadvantage of keeping economic productivity low. What we have to do is seek alternatives that increase these levels and remove the [economic] lag that exists in Colombia,” Dobinger was quoted as saying by Caracol Radio.

The UN representative was speaking at forum held in the central city of Armenia at a forum on micro and small businesses.

He added that these activities decrease the competitiveness of Colombia’s regions, something he said which should be strengthened.

IMAGES CHRISTMAS QUOTES

THE BEST CHRISTMAS CAROLS

LAST CHRISTMAS I GAVE YOU MY HEART 

IT´S BEGINNING TO LOOK A LOT LIKE CHRISTMAS

                                         

THE CHRISTMAS SONG 

                                          

SO THIS IS CHRISTMAS 

                                              

LAST CHRISTMAS 

                                               

THE BEST ENGLISH SONG EVER

BEYONCE- LISTEN 

NATASHA BEDINGFIELD- UNWRITTEN

VOICE OF AMERICA

Religious and Ethnic Hatred Seen as 

Biggest Threat.

Nuclear weapons. AIDS. Environmental destruction.American researchers say what you fear depends a loton where you live. But this year, researchers found thatpeople everywhere believe religious and ethnic hatredis increasingly becoming the world’s most seriousthreat. 

Jacob Poushter works for the Pew Research Center inWashington, DC. He was involved in the Center’s study, which was released in October. He saidresearchers asked people in 44 countries to choosewhich of five dangers is the top threat to the world. 

“We found that Middle Easterners tended to identifyreligious and ethnic hatred as the top global threat,while Europeans and to some extent Americans saidthat inequality was the top danger.”

MORE INFORMATION:http://learningenglish.voanews.com/content/religious-ethnic-hatred-world-threat/2503725.html

NEW YORK TIMES

 Images That Dare You to Turn Away.

 To hell and back describes the psychological journey of the great Brazilian photographer Sebastião Salgado in the magnificent documentary “The Salt of the Earth.” Directed by Wim Wenders and Juliano Ribeiro Salgado, Mr. Salgado’s son, the film is a crowning moment in DOC NYC, the nonfiction film festival starting on Thursday. Some of Mr. Salgado’s black-and-white photos are grisly, Boschian tableaus of the world’s horrors with the formal beauty and grand composition of paintings by the Renaissance masters.

With its hard-to-reconcile juxtapositions of the beautiful and the grotesque,“The Salt of the Earth” embodies the contradictions of the documentary form itself. In a sense, the entire festival is a journey to hell and back, in which honesty and truthfulness are often in conflict with painful images on which people would rather not dwell. Who really wants to see photos of corpses piled in a church in Rwanda? But once confronted with such images, who would dare look away?

MORE INFORMATION:http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/12/movies/the-doc-nyc-film-festival-returns.html?ref=arts

BBC.COM

Energy security threatened by rising tensions, says IEA report.

    

The International Energy Agency's latest World Energy Outlook says the increased market turmoil comes as global energy demand is set to soar.

The US shale boom provided "breathing space" but "little reassurance", the report said.

The Paris-based IEA advises developed nations on energy policy and strategy.

The report estimates that energy demand will rise by 37% by 2040. While there are adequate global resources available, it will require political action and significant investment to meet the demand, the IEA said.

However, one major concern is that growing conflicts could limit supply, notably in the Middle East and especially Iraq, as well as in Ukraine.

MORE INFORMATION:http://www.bbc.com/news/business-30021824

COLOMBIA REPORTS

FARC victims form federation to defend interests during peace talks

Victims of Colombia rebel group FARC have formed a national federation around 33 crucial points they hope will be heard in ongoing peace talks, as well as in the international community.

Roughly 1,500 FARC victims released a joint statement Thursday outlining fundamental demands and concerns related to the peace process, which was released to the press at a Bogota event called “Let’s take Havana.”

This consensus was the outcome of a national forum for FARC victims on October 28, held by Senator Sofia Gaviria (Liberal Party), whose brother was killed by the FARC.

“We want all of society to see the 33 points, which are based on the four principles of the peace talks: justice, truth, reparation, and non-repetition,” Senator Gaviria told the press on Thursday.

MORE INFORMATION:  http://colombiareports.co/farc-victims-form-national-federation/

READING

READING

DEFINITION READING:

• The act of reading something.
• The activity of reading a book, magazine, etc.
• A book, article, etc., that is being read or that is intended to be read

EXAMPLES OF READING:

• The family attended the reading of her will.
• The speech ended with a reading from his latest novel.
• After several readings, I finally understood the meaning of the poem.
• He needs help in reading.
• The teacher gave us a list of books for further reading on the subject.

    

IMAGE:

READING QUOTES:

Colombia becomes Latin America’s best country for doing business.

Colombia is the best country in Latin America for doing business, the World Bank said Wednesday in its annual Doing Business report.                                                                                 Globally, Colombia ranked 34 on a list of 198 economies, nine places higher than last year’s ranking. The country outperformed Latin American American countries Chile and Peru that least year ranked higher.

MORE: Colombia 3rd best country for doing business in Latin America: World Bank

The World Bank praised the country’s improvements in legislation to regulates taxes, credit and property registration. Particularly a 2013 law that allowed companies to use other property than real estate as collateral for loans was one of the reasons the country rose in the ranking, claimed Finance Minister Mauricio Cardenas.

“Companies can now use machinery, equipment, inventory or labor capital as guarantee for credit and do not only depend on real estate property,” said the minister in a press release celebrating the World Bank’s recognition.

The world’s leading economies for doing business are Singapore, New Zealand and Hong Kong.

VIDEO:

                                      

WRITING

WRITING


DEFINITION:

: the activity or work of writing books, poems, stories, etc.

: the way that you use written words to express your ideas or opinions

: books, poems, essays, letters, etc.

Examples of WRITING

1. Writing usually isn't a lucrative career, but it has been very fulfilling for me.
2. He teaches creative writing at the university.
3. Few people nowadays care about the art of letter writing.
4. The novel's plot is okay, but the writing is horrible.
5. I asked a friend to critique my writing.
6. Her essay was a wonderful piece of writing.
7. She has a unique writing style.
8. Much of the best Japanese writing has not been translated into English.
9. the writings of Benjamin Franklin
10. a book of selected writings on moral philosophy.

IMAGES:

POEM:

THE BLUE DEATH

The skay is in my eyes, I don´t have a body
Is the moment of death the truth of absence?
Is the moment of life the fire of purity?
Is the moment of light!
Is the moment of flight!
Where is the worry?
The plenitude absorbed my mind
The sea is like silk
The wind is slipknots
The space is my country
The kisses of time disappeared; carried me
To essence, to the cell, to the knowledge
No more pain; no longer the need to worry
No more memory
Only my blue heart!
Just blue envelopes me in it´s cloak!

QUOTES SHAKESPEARE:

VIDEO WRITING:

Infinitivo	Pasado	Participio	Traducción
arise	arose	arisen	surgir
awake	awoke	awoken	despertar(se)
bear	bore	borne	soportar
beat	beat	beaten	golpear
become	became	become	convertirse en
begin	began	begun	empezar
bend	bent	bent	doblar(se)
bet	bet	bet	apostar
bid	bid	bid	pujar
bind	bound	bound	encuadernar
bite	bit	bitten	morder
bleed	bled	bled	sangrar
blow	blew	blown	soplar
break	broke	broken	romper
breed	bred	bred	criar
bring	brought	brought	traer
build	built	built	construir
burn	burnt	burnt	quemar(se)
burst	burst	burst	estallar
buy	bought	bought	comprar
cast	cast	cast	tirar
catch	caught	caught	coger
choose	chose	chosen	elegir
cling	clung	clung	aferrarse
come	came	come	venir
cost	cost	cost	costar
creep	crept	crept	arrastrar
cut	cut	cut	cortar
deal	dealt	dealt	tratar
dig	dug	dug	cavar
do	did	done	hacer
draw	drew	drawn	dibujar
dream	dreamt	dreamt	soñar
drink	drank	drunk	beber
drive	drove	driven	conducir
eat	ate	eaten	comer
fall	fell	fallen	caer(se)
feed	fed	fed	alimentar
feel	felt	felt	sentirse
fight	fought	fought	pelearse
find	found	found	encontrar
flee	fled	fled	huir
fly	flew	flown	volar
forbid	forbade	forbidden	prohibir
forget	forgot	forgotten	olvidar(se)
forgive	forgave	forgiven	perdonar
freeze	froze	frozen	helar(se)
get	got	got	conseguir
give	gave	given	dar
go	went	gone	irse